paint seen in traces, red around the king's ears and mouth and yellow on the queens face.Ģ- structure: dyad statue: one statue consisting of two people or elements. soldiers are in regular placement which shows they are marching alongġ- materials: dark greywacke stone. We see four people dead but it was clearly symbolic of a much greater number. This same side is a scene going into battle. Fallen people (enemies) have very specific detail, especially about their injuries. Has one leg that seems to be an animals legĥ- One side is terrible violence, warfare. Scenes divided into registers - start at the bottom.Ĥ- King is so tall it breaks the boundaries. Showed us the different roles performed in society. Long side represents peace and prosperity. Original archaeoligist called them royal but we don't know if they are for sure - they must have been important enough to have this but we don't know for sure if they were royalĢ- The materials used tell us that it is a luxury object and it also tells us that they must have had trade routes and that the people who made this were important enough to get these luxuriesģ- Object that can easily be carried. this was an extremely large version because he was so wealthy he could afford thatġ- Standard was a flag brought into battle Intentionally buried - found in tombs. used for cosmetic purposes aka to mix eyeliner. rows of bodies represents the people he has killed. both are usually interpreted as names of places Narmer had captured.ĥ- purpose/interpretation: king depicted in human form shows him destroying enemies while when he is depicted as a strong bull it represents detroying city walls. left heiroglyphic represents a wall and the other one some sort of know. underneath the king's feet are two people who are enemies or people that have been overthrown. heiroglyphics: lower one says servant and the one of the top says his name. shoulders are close to his body = he was bound.Ĥ: back cont. crown signifies a specific part of the king's overall responsibilites.
bull knocking down a city or fortress symbolizes Narmer knocking over his enemies - narrativeģ- back: the king wears a short skirt and a white crown that is usually associated with upper egypt. reviewing the beheaded bodies of the enemies he has just defeated. schematic lines delineate NArmer's muscle structureĢ- iconography: relief sculpture meant to symbolize King NArmer uniting Upper and Lower Egypt. narmer is preceded by four standard bearers and a priest followed by his foot washer/sandal bearer. hills, rafts, and animals or local access.ġ- composition: bodies seen from above, with heads carefully placed between their legs. different theories of stone transportation. different types of stones, large are sandstones and smaller rocks are bluestones (unknown smaller stones). post-and-lintel building - ways to create doorways and roofs. Gerald Hawkins suggested it was used as an astronomical calendar.Ĥ- uses moris-and-tenon system (there is a peg and hole that keep it in place). other theories are that it is a ceremonial site, a religious pilgrimage destination, a final resting place for royalty or a memorial to honor and connect with ancestors. bluestones believed to be magical and have healing power. human remains have been unearthed (signs of illness and injury). since it was built upon for 1,500 years so there is a theory that it is a burial ground. stones and wooden beams which inhabited the Aubrey hols were taken out and 30 large sarsen stones were set in a circle.ģ- historians agree that it was an important place for over 1,000 years but don't know the exact use. third phase took place 400-500 years after phase two. set up upright wooden posts - possibly a roof - used for burials during the time period. second phase occurred 100-200 years after. the smaller holes were filled with either bluestones or upright wooden beams. first phase was basically building a large put and 56 smaller holes. took 1,500 years to makeĢ- built in three phases. means the first phase was an egalitarian endeavor: very unusual for the ancient world. no evidence of a ruler or social class that forced the people to put that much labor into making it.
neolithic villages would tell us who created these but the few villages that were found _.
1- people living in the fourth millennium BC who began work on Stonehenge were contemporary with the first dynasties of Ancient Egypt, and their efforts predate the building of the pyramids.